Stonehenge
As the African religious priesthood had most grandly established itself in Egypt as it migrated from the center of the African Continent. African Priests soon traveled throughout the world. Europe was no exception, but without the keys to decipher the iconography, images and language of that priesthood we are left with kernels or bits of information concerning the priesthood and how it established itself outside of Africa.
One such study is the Druids; a pre-Christian, pre-Aryan or pre-Caucasian cadre of priests that conducted astronomically based services at Stonehenge.
According to Gerald Massey in his book ' A Book of Beginnings' to the Egyptian origins of the British Isles' He thinks that Stonehenge, the most famous ancient monument in England, was built by a Negro architect, named Morien. [That is MOR or Moor, form the ancient Egyptian]. He says, as a Negro is still known as Morien in English [British tongue], may not this indicate that Morien belonged to the black race, the Kushite [African] builders?'
According to European scholars:
In the small town of Newburgh, New York. G. Adolf Koch has an entire chapter on “The Society of Druids” in his book Religion of the American Enlightenment. Deism 'The Druids thus went back to the pure worship of the great luminary [the Sun], the visible agent of a great invisible first cause, and regarded Christianity as a later accretion and subversion of the true faith, a superstition, in short, developed by a designing and unscrupulous priesthood, to put it mildly in the language of the day.”
The 'Egyptian Type' births different shadows:
"The Syrian counterpart of the Giant Narmer/Osiris/Orion was Baal. It will be remembered that in the Osiris Myth the chest in which Osiris had been borne down the Nile eventually came to rest on the Phoenician Coast in Syria and that the Phoenicians were also known by the more familiar title of Canaanites. As was noted, this was a later insert to illustrate that the Ancient Egyptian culture was adopted by the Phoenicians when Phoenicia was brought under Egyptian control. Syria was a daughter culture of the Ancient Egyptians and legend recalls that the earliest inhabitants of Canaan were a Race of Giants."
This particular reference is glossed by a statement which implies that the offspring of Anak in Canaan were descended from the renowned Rephaim or Nephilim.
The theory/myth that angels mated with mortal woman later crept into the [Greek] Septuagint version of the Bible. Of the three oldest manuscripts of the Septuagint, only the Codex Alexandrinus of the fifth century offers the word "angels" in Genesis 6:2 instead of "sons of Elohim." Not one of the Hebrew manuscripts, however, has the word "angels" in Genesis 6:2. Instead, all Hebrew manuscripts read "Sons of Elohim." Son of Elohim is equivalent to the Sons of the Gods since Elohim has a plurality that most Christian theologians use as a basis for the idea of a Trinity but actually means more than one but not defined as three only.
These Sons of Elohim were in my opinion an based on the above evidence, priests of the Way or Understanding.
Translating Flaws:
What is distinctive about the Levites is that they in fact "demythologized" or literalized Egyptian ontology to produce classic monotheism whereas the Egyptian tradition incorporated the various [attributes] or neter/gods into a transcendental view that was the dynamic the One God. It appears that it was for this reason that they favored the plural form ´Elohim and so interpreted in light of their buried Egyptian heritage. In this tradition, 'Elohim approximates a "plural of intensity." The most far-reaching implication of these findings is that the Old Testament in translation severely distorts the religions of ancient Palestine in uniformly translating ´Elohim as "God." In short, to the present we do not have an accurate translation of the Hebrew Bible. Indeed, our translations and therefore also our understanding of the Old Testament are fundamentally flawed.
The root of Nephilim is 'nephel' which means: "untimely birth, abortion, miscarriage". The Biblical tradition says the Nephilim were on the earth before the Flood and afterwards, but they appear to be missing during the Flood.
Nephil could also mean those who went but before they were fully educated, graduated and tested. Similarly Socrates, Plato and Aristotle fall under this category. The Egyptian Mystery educational system spanned a total of 40 years. Most Greek scholars only went for 13 and was considered aborted in the sense that they did not finish the educational process. We would call them drop-outs. The only difference in that time was that even drop-outs like Aristotle, Socrates, Plato and Hippocrates had enough education although the 'aborted those born untimely' to energize Western education.
"The Nefilim were upon the Earth in those days and thereafter too. Those sons of the gods who cohabited with the daughters of the Adam, and they bore children into them. They were the Mighty Ones of Eternity, the People of the Shem [the name]."
- Genesis 6:4
"There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they; bare children unto them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown."
- Genesis 6:4
The Druids and the Beltane Festival:
The Beltane Festival was also known as "the bringing down of the Sun". This
refers to the astronomical event, which occurred on September 21st 4468BCE when
the Autumn (Fall) Equinox of the Sun was in conjunction with the Milky Way. This
conjunction initialized the movement of the Sun out of the Age of Gemini and
into the Age of Taurus. It is this example of Precession of the Equinoxes which
is recorded on the Narmer Plate. It is the Sun's movement out of the Age of
Gemini and into the Age of Taurus which accounts for the "Fire" and "Bonfire"
aspects of the Beltane Festival.
Narmer
Tradition tells us that the person who is responsible for introducing religion
and culture to Britain was the Celt/Druid Hesus. In this, his role was not
unlike that of Osiris, who was the source of all knowledge in Ancient Egypt.
His very name Hesus/Hu, together with his role, embodies the Sacred
Knowledge of the Ancient Egyptians … Hu, the Celestial Sphinx, the Creator and
the Precession of the Equinoxes. Druid mythology relates that Hesus/Hu was
crucified, that his soul survived after Death and that the period following his
crucifixion was referred to as the "Golden Age". Just as Osiris became one with
the tamarisk tree in which he was encased so Hesus/Hu became as one with the oak
tree. Both Osiris and Hesus/Hu were representative of the Axis Munde around
which the heavens appear to revolve; they were representative of the World
Pillar, the link between the terrestrial and the celestial worlds. As well as
the stage for the Beltane Festival the "holy hill" was also a platform from
which to observe the stars. Hesus as already noted was also known as Hu.
Hu
In the Druid religion Hesus/Hu was fathered by God and born of a virgin mother, Mayence. The fact that Mayence was recorded as having her body enveloped by light and wearing a crown of twelve stars on her head confirms that she was a representation of the Constellation of Coma Berenices; Berenice's Hair. Coma Berenices lies within the zodiac sign of Virgo, the Virgin, which is traditionally associated with Isis of Ancient Egypt, Ishtar of Ancient Babylon, Mayence of the Druids and the Virgin Mary.
The twelve stars are a reference to the number of stars which comprise the
constellation of Coma Berenices. Coma Berenices is in effect the head of Virgo.
Mayence is also represented with her foot on a serpent. The serpent is the
constellation of Hydra. An almost identical description of Mayence is recorded
in book of the Revelations 12:1.
"And there appeared a great wonder in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars."
Clement of Alexandria, who in about AD 200 wrote that [Egyptian] philosophy, had been studied by the Druids before the Greeks:
"Thus philosophy, a thing of the highest utility, flourished in antiquity among the barbarians, shedding its light among the nations. And afterwards it came to Greece. First in its ranks were the prophets of the Egyptians, and the Chaldeans among the Assyrians, and the Druids among the Gauls. . . and the philosophers among the Celts -- I, 15, Works, tr. W. Wilson, p. 398; quoted in Famous Druids, p. 90Sir William Jones and Mr. Maurice:
'In my Essay on The Celtic Druids, I have shown, that a great nation called Celtæ, of whom the Druids were the priests, spread themselves almost over the whole earth, and are to be traced in their rude gigantic monuments from India to the extremities of Britain. Who these can have been but the early individuals of the black nation of whom we have been treating I know not, and in this opinion I am not singular.'
The learned Maurice says, "Cuthites[Cushites], i. e. Celts, built the great temples in India and Britain, and excavated the caves of the former."
There is a lot of Sanskrit in the Welsh vocabulary, as George Borrow noted. This is probably why Morgan thought Welsh to be the mother tongue of the West, and found Kymric meaning in the roots of Latin itself which, he said, was derived from Kymric.
George Borrow also had a theory that the "Cymro" had his original home in southern Hindustan, the extreme south point of which, Cape Comorin, was named after him.
This is interesting because there is an ancient tradition, deriving from the Indian epic, The Ramayana, that a colony of "Eastern Aethiopeans" emigrated from Lanka (Ceylon), and settled in northern Africa. They were "mighty builders." Their leader, Ravana, was called "king of the giants," and it is surmised that they founded ancient Egypt, and may even have built the oldest of the pyramids and other temples. [see picture of black Rama below].
Ramayana with the original Ethiopian[black]
Is it just coincidence that a line of such mighty buildings can be traced along the Barbary Coast, across the Straits of Gibraltar, through the Basque country into southern France at Carnac, and Britain at Stonehenge?
What is Sanskrit?
Etymology: Sanskrit samskrta, literally, perfected, from sam together + karoti he makes. An ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism); an official language of India although it is now used only for religious purposes.
'The ancient language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in determining their history and relations.'
Who was Merlin?
'Merlin is an ancient Cornish name for blackbird, which suggests that the person who was appointed as Merlin [this name a title and to an individual] was associated with the druidic order known as the "Black Man" during the time of the Caratacus, in the 1st Century AD. It was a very great honor to be appointed to the position of Black Man, for the successful candidate had to be extremely adept in the esoteric sciences, especially the art of rainmaking. The fact that Merlin was best remembered for his seemingly occult powers rather than his evangelical prowess, implies that Geoffrey may have been confused with the Black Man of the 1st century AD...the Black Man may well have been transformed into the Black Knight of the medieval Grail romances.'
Since the source of all religion came out to Africa and the global movement of the African, we see the thread of the priesthood and the terms used in other regions always point back to their original nativity.
'Although since Christian times Druids have been identified as wizards and soothsayers, in pre-Christian Celtic society they formed an intellectual class comprising philosophers, judges, educators, historians, doctors, seers, astronomers, and astrologers. The earliest surviving Classical references to Druids date to the 2nd century B.C.'
What's in a name?
The word "Druidae" is of Celtic origin. The Roman writer Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus, 23/24-79 A.D.) believed it to be a cognate with the Greek work "drus," meaning "an oak." "Dru-wid" combines the word roots "oak" and "knowledge" ("wid" means "to know" or "to see" - as in the Sanskrit "vid").
Hu and the Oak:
"Ton" at the end of a place name not only denotes a "holy hill", it denotes a holy hill which was sacred to Venus and which was of special significance to the Druids.
Venus, although a planet, is referred to by astronomers as "The Evening and Morning Star". The idea being portrayed is that of Death and Rebirth. This confirms that Death and Rebirth, or Resurrection, were central to the Druid religious philosophy; as they were to that of the Ancient Egyptians. Tradition tells us that the person who is responsible for introducing religion and culture to Britain was the Celt/Druid Hesus. In this, his role was not unlike that of Osiris, who was the source of all knowledge in Ancient Egypt. The connection with ancient Egypt however does not end here. Hesus was also known as Hu. His very name Hesus/Hu, together with his role, embodies the Sacred Knowledge of the Ancient Egyptians … that of Hu the Celestial Sphinx, Creation, and the Precession of the Equinoxes. When Hesus was crucified upon the Tree of Life he metaphorically became as one with the Oak. Tree.http://ancientegypt.hypermart.net/washingtonname/
Evidence:
"And the learned Mathematician, Reuben Burrow, has no hesitation in pronouncing Stonehenge to be a temple of the black, curly-headed Buddha. [Anacalypsis, Godfrey Higgins - 1833]."
The original Indians invented Sanskrit their holy writ, and those original peoples were African - or as Herodotus said they were an extension of Ethiopia/Africa.
" The Eastern Ethiopians, [ ie. Sudras ] differed in nothing from the other Ethiopians, save in their language, and the character of their hair. For the Eastern Ethiopians have straight hair, while they of Libya are more woolly-haired than any other people in the world. " Herodotus VII,70.
" [I]n other respects India is not unlike Ethiopia, and the Indian rivers have crocodiles like the Ethiopian and Egyptian Nile; and some of the Indian rivers have fish and other large water animals like those of the Nile, save the river-horse: though Onesicritus states that they do have the river-horse also. The appearance of the inhabitants, too, is not so far different in India and Ethiopia; the southern Indians resemble the Ethiopians a good deal, and, are black of countenance, and their hair black also, only they are not as snub-nosed or so woolly-haired as the Ethiopians; but the northern Indians are most like the Egyptians in appearance. " Arrian VIII,6
When they talk about 'Oak Knowledge' remember as people migrated to the frozen north the flora and fuana changed. Where they may have had 'Palm Tree' or Sycamore or Acacia knowledge in Egypt as they migrated to a place above the equator and the indigenous trees were few and far between - over time they used another tree icon like the Oak d Yew or Evergreens as the symbol of wisdom.
'The oak (together with the rowan and hazel) was an important sacred tree to the Druids. In the Celtic social system, Druid was a title given to learned men and women possessing "oak knowledge" (or "oak wisdom").'
The Tree Goddess
The Sycamore tree was of special significance in Egyptian religion. It was the only native tree of useful size and sturdiness in Egypt, and perhaps very significantly, most often grew along the edge of the desert, which would have also placed it near or in the necropolises.
'Some scholars have argued that Druids originally belonged to a pre-Celtic ('non-white') population in Britain and Ireland (from where they spread to Gaul), noting that there is no trace of Druidism among Celts elsewhere - in Cisalpine Italy, Spain, or Galatia (modern Turkey).
"And the learned Mathematician, Reuben Burrow, has no hesitation in pronouncing Stonehenge to be a temple of the black, curly-headed Buddha. [Anacalpysis, Godfrey Higgins - 1833]."
Well, they seemed to think that back in the early years of research, before they could put a spin on worldwide history. They were often impressed by the Druids' grasp of mathematical and astronomical skill. One Roman author, Diogenes, placed the Druids on a list of the ancient world's wisest philosophers; a list which included the Magi of Persia, the Chaldeans (the priesthood of the Babylonians) and the Gymnosophists (an Hindu sect which preceded the Yogis), all of whom were selected for their skill in mathematics, physics, logic, and philosophy.
'Men of almost every color are found in India, but the original people of the area were black. Their descendants are still in central India today. These Indians are distinguished by their Negroid features, curly hair, and brown complexion. Professor Lynn Throndike described their ancient forefathers as "short black men with Negro noses." Dr. Will Durant referred to them as "a dark skinned broad nosed people whom we refer to as the Dravidians in the Indus Valley.'
The making of a priest of Egypt took 40 years and they were well versed in all facets of life.
'The Egyptian Mystery system was also a secret order. Membership was gained by initiation and a pledge of secrecy. The teachings were graded and delivered orally by the Neophyte; and under these circumstances of secrecy, the Egyptians developed secret systems of writing and teachings, and forbade their initiates from writing what they had learned.
The teachings were solely of the indigenous Africans of the Mystery System commonly in use along the Nile Valley and Great Lakes regions of Northern, Eastern, and Central Africa.
It was John Aubrey, writing in the 17th century, who first thought it a probability that stone circles, such as Stonehenge, were Temples of the Druids and called his text on stone circles the 'Templa Druidum'.
This idea was picked up by William Stukeley, in the early 18th century, who subtitled his first book, Stonehenge, published in 1740, "A Temple Restored to the British Druids", and his second, on Avebury, published in 1743, "A Temple of the British Druids."
Although later, in the 19th century, Sir John Lubbock (1834-1913) dated Stonehenge to a period much earlier than the time of the Druids (that is, to about 2000 B.C., whereas the Aryan Druids don't appear in the historical record until 1800 years later), nonetheless the view was maintained by a minority that Druids were pre-Celtic, pre-Aryan inhabitants of Britain and that the religious beliefs and practices for which Stonehenge was first built are ancestral to those of the later Celtic Druids.
Druids filled the roles of judge, doctor, diviner, mage, mystic, and clerical scholar; in other words, they were the religious intelligentsia of their culture just as their ancestors he ancient priest of Egypt where multidegreed and multifaceted. To become a Druid, students assembled in large groups for instruction and training, for a period of up to twenty years. The mythologies describe Druids who were capable of many magical powers such as divination & prophesy, control of the weather, healing, levitation, and shape changing themselves into the forms of animals. Their education was so rigorous that at the end of it they were virtually walking encyclopedias. A good word for them would seem to be "priests", yet I am reluctant to use it for two reasons: The Romans never used it, and because Druids didn't minister to congregations as priests do.
Inner traditions:
The Cathedral of the Black Madonna - By (author) Jean Markale:
Explores the connection between ancient druidic worship of a virgin at Chartres and the veneration of the Black Madonna. The great cathedral of Chartres is renowned the world over as a masterpiece of High Gothic architecture and for its remarkable stained glass, considered alchemical glass, and its mystical labyrinth. But the sacred foundations of this sanctuary go back to a time long before Christianity when this site was a clearing where druids worshiped a Virgo Paritura: a virgin about to give birth.
This ancient meeting place, where all the druids in Gaul gathered once a year, now houses the magnificent Chartres cathedral dedicated both to the Virgin Mary, Mother of God, and to one of the most venerated Black Madonna’s in Europe: Our Lady of the Pillar. Coincidence? Hardly, says Jean Markale, whose exhaustive examination of the site traces Chartres’ roots back to prehistoric times and the appeal of the Black [original] Madonna back to the ancient widespread worship of Mother Goddesses such as Cybele and Isis.
Madonna and Child
Isis
Markale contends that the mother and child depicted by the Black Madonna are
descended from the image worshipped by the druids of the Virgin forever
giving birth. This image is not merely a representation of maternal love—albeit
of a spiritual nature. It is a theological notion of great refinement: the
Virgin gives birth ceaselessly to a world, a God, and humanity in perpetual
becoming.
The Druids have all the earmarks of being from the African Tribes whose skills culminated in Egypt d the Mystery priesthoods. Those same priests spread out to all the lands of the earth. We must always remember: African History is World History, armed with that understanding we can see our way back to truth.
Carter G. Woodson: "In the long run, there is not much discrimination against superior talent. It constrains men to recognize it."
Ekowa
2005-2007
Essays by Ekowa©
Sources:
They cast no shadows - Brian Desborough
Encyclopedia Britannica -1993 – 2004
Webster Dictionary
Anacalpysis
Egypt Light of the World
http://www.crystalinks.com/druids.html
http://www.africawithin.com/black_history/overview_chapter7.htm
http://ancientegypt.hypermart.net/beltanefestival/
http://www.mystae.com/restricted/streams/scripts/nephilim.html
http://www.dalitstan.org/sudrology/yavana/grktravs.html